IEC 60034-4:1985 pdf download.Amendment 1 Rotating electrical machines Part 4: Methods for determining synchronous machine quantities from tests.
IEC 60034-4 applies to three-phase synchronous machines of 1 kVA rating and larger with rated frequency of not more than 400 Hz and not less than 15 Hz.
The test methods are not intended to apply to special synchronous machines such as permanent- magnet field machines, inductor type machines, etc.
While the tests also apply in general to brushless machines, certain variations do exist and special precautions should be taken.
2. Object
The object of IEC 60034-4 is to establish methods for determining characteristic quantities of three-phase synchronous machines from tests.
It is not intended that IEC 60034-4 should be interpreted as requiring the carrying out of any or all of the tests described therein on any given machine. The particular tests to be carried out shall be subject to a special agreement.
If a machine has several rated values, those taken for the basic values should be stated.
Unless otherwise stated, the above-mentioned system is accepted in IEC 60034-4. Small letters designate the quantities in per unit values, and capital letters designate them in physical quantities.
3.5 In the formulae given in thAs standard for determining synchronous machine reactances. the positive sequence armature resistance, unless otherwise stated, is considered to be negligible.
when the positive sequence armature resistance constitutes more than 0.2 of the measured reactance, the formulae must be considered as approximate.
3.6 The definitions of the majority of quantities and their experimental methods of determination, as given in IEC 60034-4, correspond to the widely accepted two-axis theory of synchronous machines with approximate representation of all circuits additional to the field winding, and stationary circuits relative to it, by two equivalent circuits, one along the direct axis and the other along the quadrature axis, neglecting armature resistance or taking it into consideration only approximately.
9.1 The quadrature axis subtransient reactance is determined by the following methods:
a) applied voltage with the rotor in the direct and quadrature axis positions with respect to the armature winding field axis (see Clause 44 and Sub-clause 45.1);
b) applied voltage with the pole axis in any arbitrary position (see Clause 46 and Sub- clause 47.1).
Both these methods are practically equivalent and may be used to determine the unsaturated value. These methods are usually not practicable for the determination of the saturated value because of the large current required and possible overheating of solid parts.
10. Negative-sequence reactance X2
The quotient of the reactive fundamental component of negative-sequence armature voltage due to sinusoidal negative-sequence armature current of rated frequency, and the value of this current, the machine running at rated speed.
Note. — A different value might be obtained for this rcacl.ance if the fundamental component of a current, which also.IEC-60034-4-1985